予防安全装置の開発 (Active Safety Devices Development)


 センサフュージョンを用いた歩行者検出と衝突警報システムの開発
  Development of Pedestrian Detection and Collision Warning System by Using Sensor Fusion

 日本では,平成20年の交通事故による死者数が5,155人となり,8年連続して減少している.この交通事故の死亡事故原因を見てみると歩行者との衝突事故が33.4%と最も高い割合を占めている.その多くは,横断歩道やその付近を横断しているときに生じている.そこで我々は,横断歩道付近での歩行者衝突事故を防ぐシステムの研究・開発を進めている.
歩行者認識に用いられるセンサ(車載カメラ,ミリ波レーダ)には各々短所と長所がある.そこで本研究は,これらの長所を組み合わせることにより,高精度かつコストパフォーマンスに優れる歩行者検出システムを提案する.具体的には横断歩道を検出し,歩行者の位置・速度情報を基に歩行者との衝突危険度を判断,その危険度に応じてドライバに警告を行うというものである.また,最近では,煩わしさ低減を目指す警告方法やその最適なタイミングの研究も行っている.


RESEARCH ABSTRACT

Statistical data of traffic accidents reveals that pedestrian fatalities are a particular priority in Europe and Japan. Advanced driver assistance systems which implement technical solutions for pedestrian protection could help to lower the number of these fatalities. Therefore, this study proposes a pedestrian detection and collision warning system based on a monocular camera and a millimeter wave radar, as one of active safety technologies to prevent pedestrians from collision accidents with automobiles. The experimental vehicle is equipped with a camera which can be used to detect the crosswalk and a millimeter wave radar which can be used to detect obstacles in front of the vehicle. A sensor data fusion algorithm is being studied in order to achieve high precision in pedestrian detection. At first, an image processing system is used to detect the existence of a crosswalk in front of the vehicle, then the radar searches around the crosswalk location whether there are any moving objects or not. Next, the position data of the detected crosswalk and the objects are integrated. The system decides whether the situation is critical or not and then a warning is provided to the driver when there is the possibility of a collision.



Fig.1 System Configuration


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